Soil warming increases the number of growing bacterial taxa but not their growth rates

Author:

Metze Dennis12ORCID,Schnecker Jörg1ORCID,de Carlan Coline Le Noir3ORCID,Bhattarai Biplabi4ORCID,Verbruggen Erik3ORCID,Ostonen Ivika4ORCID,Janssens Ivan A.3ORCID,Sigurdsson Bjarni D.5ORCID,Hausmann Bela67ORCID,Kaiser Christina1ORCID,Richter Andreas18ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

2. Doctoral School in Microbiology and Environmental Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

3. Research Group Plants and Ecosystems, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.

4. Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.

5. Faculty of Environmental and Forest Sciences, Agricultural University of Iceland, Hvanneyri, Borgarnes, Iceland.

6. Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

7. Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

8. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Advancing Systems Analysis Program, Laxenburg, Austria.

Abstract

Soil microorganisms control the fate of soil organic carbon. Warming may accelerate their activities putting large carbon stocks at risk of decomposition. Existing knowledge about microbial responses to warming is based on community-level measurements, leaving the underlying mechanisms unexplored and hindering predictions. In a long-term soil warming experiment in a Subarctic grassland, we investigated how active populations of bacteria and archaea responded to elevated soil temperatures (+6°C) and the influence of plant roots, by measuring taxon-specific growth rates using quantitative stable isotope probing and 18 O water vapor equilibration. Contrary to prior assumptions, increased community growth was associated with a greater number of active bacterial taxa rather than generally faster-growing populations. We also found that root presence enhanced bacterial growth at ambient temperatures but not at elevated temperatures, indicating a shift in plant-microbe interactions. Our results, thus, reveal a mechanism of how soil bacteria respond to warming that cannot be inferred from community-level measurements.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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