1. Department of Physics and the Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
2. Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831–6418, USA.
3. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore.
4. Department of Electrical Engineering and the Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
5. IonQ Inc., 4505 Campus Drive, College Park, MD 20730, USA.
6. Department of Physics, Ohio State University, 191 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.