Villification: How the Gut Gets Its Villi

Author:

Shyer Amy E.1,Tallinen Tuomas23,Nerurkar Nandan L.1,Wei Zhiyan2,Gil Eun Seok4,Kaplan David L.4,Tabin Clifford J.1,Mahadevan L.25678

Affiliation:

1. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

2. School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

3. Department of Physics and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.

4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.

5. Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

6. Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

7. Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

8. Kavli Institute for Nanobio Science and Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Abstract

Intestinal Villus Formation The intestinal villi are essential elaborations of the lining of the gut that increase the epithelial surface area for nutrient absorption. Shyer et al. (p. 212 , published online 29 August; see the Perspective by Simons ) show that in both the developing human and chick gut, the villi are formed in a step-wise progression, involving the sequential folding of the endoderm into longitudinal ridges, via a zigzag pattern, to finally form individual villi. These changes are established through the differentiation of the smooth muscle layers of the gut, restricting the expansion of the adjacent proliferating and growing endoderm and mesenchyme, generating compressive stresses that lead to the buckling and folding of the tissue.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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