A global environmental crisis 42,000 years ago

Author:

Cooper Alan12ORCID,Turney Chris S. M.3ORCID,Palmer Jonathan3ORCID,Hogg Alan4ORCID,McGlone Matt5ORCID,Wilmshurst Janet56ORCID,Lorrey Andrew M.7ORCID,Heaton Timothy J.8ORCID,Russell James M.9ORCID,McCracken Ken10ORCID,Anet Julien G.11ORCID,Rozanov Eugene121314ORCID,Friedel Marina12ORCID,Suter Ivo15ORCID,Peter Thomas12ORCID,Muscheler Raimund16ORCID,Adolphi Florian17ORCID,Dosseto Anthony18ORCID,Faith J. Tyler19ORCID,Fenwick Pavla20ORCID,Fogwill Christopher J.21ORCID,Hughen Konrad22ORCID,Lipson Mathew23ORCID,Liu Jiabo24ORCID,Nowaczyk Norbert25ORCID,Rainsley Eleanor21,Bronk Ramsey Christopher26ORCID,Sebastianelli Paolo27ORCID,Souilmi Yassine28ORCID,Stevenson Janelle2930ORCID,Thomas Zoë3ORCID,Tobler Raymond28ORCID,Zech Roland31ORCID

Affiliation:

1. South Australian Museum, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.

2. BlueSky Genetics, PO Box 287, Adelaide, SA 5137, Australia.

3. Chronos 14Carbon-Cycle Facility, and Earth and Sustainability Science Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.

4. Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory, University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand.

5. Landcare Research, PO Box 69040, Lincoln, New Zealand.

6. School of Environment, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.

7. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.

8. School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK.

9. Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.

10. University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.

11. Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Centre for Aviation, 8401 Winterthur, Switzerland.

12. Institute for Atmospheric and Climatic Science, ETH Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland.

13. Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos and World Radiation Center, 7260 Davos, Switzerland.

14. Department of Physics of Earth, Faculty of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia.

15. Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.

16. Department of Geology, Quaternary Sciences, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden.

17. Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.

18. Wollongong Isotope Geochronology Laboratory, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.

19. Natural History Museum of Utah and Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.

20. Gondwana Tree-Ring Laboratory, PO Box 14, Little River, Canterbury 7546, New Zealand.

21. School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Keele, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK.

22. Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.

23. Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.

24. Southern University of Science and Technology, Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shenzhen 518055, China.

25. Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 4.3, 14473 Potsdam, Germany.

26. Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, OX1 3TG, UK.

27. Faculty of Mathematics, Astronomy and Physics (FAMAF), National University of Cordoba, X5000HUA, Argentina.

28. Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.

29. Archaeology and Natural History, School of Culture History and Language, ANU College of Asia and the Pacific, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.

30. Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia.

31. Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.

Abstract

Reversing the field Do terrestrial geomagnetic field reversals have an effect on Earth's climate? Cooper et al. created a precisely dated radiocarbon record around the time of the Laschamps geomagnetic reversal about 41,000 years ago from the rings of New Zealand swamp kauri trees. This record reveals a substantial increase in the carbon-14 content of the atmosphere culminating during the period of weakening magnetic field strength preceding the polarity switch. The authors modeled the consequences of this event and concluded that the geomagnetic field minimum caused substantial changes in atmospheric ozone concentration that drove synchronous global climate and environmental shifts. Science , this issue p. 811

Funder

Leverhulme Trust

Australian Research Council

Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich

Marsden Fund

Swiss National Science Foundation Ambizione

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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