1. Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, UK.
2. Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA, UK.
3. CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
4. Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
5. School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.
6. The Marine Ecology Research Group, Centre of Integrative Ecology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, 8041 Christchurch, New Zealand.
7. Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
8. University of Western Australia, Oceans Institute and School of Biological Sciences, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
9. Institute of Marine Research, Floedevigen, 4817 His, Norway.