1. Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK.
2. Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.
3. Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands.
4. Bren School of the Environment, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
5. Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.
6. Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia.