Moving in the Anthropocene: Global reductions in terrestrial mammalian movements

Author:

Tucker Marlee A.12ORCID,Böhning-Gaese Katrin12,Fagan William F.34,Fryxell John M.5,Van Moorter Bram6,Alberts Susan C.7ORCID,Ali Abdullahi H.8,Allen Andrew M.910ORCID,Attias Nina11ORCID,Avgar Tal12ORCID,Bartlam-Brooks Hattie13ORCID,Bayarbaatar Buuveibaatar14ORCID,Belant Jerrold L.15,Bertassoni Alessandra16ORCID,Beyer Dean17,Bidner Laura18,van Beest Floris M.19ORCID,Blake Stephen2021,Blaum Niels22ORCID,Bracis Chloe12ORCID,Brown Danielle23,de Bruyn P. J. Nico24ORCID,Cagnacci Francesca2526ORCID,Calabrese Justin M.327,Camilo-Alves Constança2829ORCID,Chamaillé-Jammes Simon30ORCID,Chiaradia Andre3132ORCID,Davidson Sarah C.2033ORCID,Dennis Todd34,DeStefano Stephen35ORCID,Diefenbach Duane36ORCID,Douglas-Hamilton Iain3738ORCID,Fennessy Julian39,Fichtel Claudia40ORCID,Fiedler Wolfgang20ORCID,Fischer Christina41ORCID,Fischhoff Ilya42ORCID,Fleming Christen H.327ORCID,Ford Adam T.43,Fritz Susanne A.12ORCID,Gehr Benedikt44ORCID,Goheen Jacob R.45,Gurarie Eliezer346,Hebblewhite Mark47ORCID,Heurich Marco4849ORCID,Hewison A. J. Mark50,Hof Christian1ORCID,Hurme Edward3ORCID,Isbell Lynne A.1851ORCID,Janssen René52,Jeltsch Florian22ORCID,Kaczensky Petra653ORCID,Kane Adam54ORCID,Kappeler Peter M.40ORCID,Kauffman Matthew55,Kays Roland5657,Kimuyu Duncan58ORCID,Koch Flavia4059ORCID,Kranstauber Bart44,LaPoint Scott2060ORCID,Leimgruber Peter27,Linnell John D. C.6ORCID,López-López Pascual61ORCID,Markham A. Catherine62ORCID,Mattisson Jenny6ORCID,Medici Emilia Patricia6364ORCID,Mellone Ugo65,Merrill Evelyn12ORCID,de Miranda Mourão Guilherme66ORCID,Morato Ronaldo G.67ORCID,Morellet Nicolas50ORCID,Morrison Thomas A.68ORCID,Díaz-Muñoz Samuel L.6970ORCID,Mysterud Atle71ORCID,Nandintsetseg Dejid12ORCID,Nathan Ran72ORCID,Niamir Aidin1ORCID,Odden John73ORCID,O’Hara Robert B.174ORCID,Oliveira-Santos Luiz Gustavo R.75,Olson Kirk A.14,Patterson Bruce D.76ORCID,Cunha de Paula Rogerio67ORCID,Pedrotti Luca77,Reineking Björn7879ORCID,Rimmler Martin80,Rogers Tracey L.81ORCID,Rolandsen Christer Moe6ORCID,Rosenberry Christopher S.82,Rubenstein Daniel I.83ORCID,Safi Kamran2084ORCID,Saïd Sonia85,Sapir Nir86ORCID,Sawyer Hall87ORCID,Schmidt Niels Martin1988,Selva Nuria89ORCID,Sergiel Agnieszka89,Shiilegdamba Enkhtuvshin14,Silva João Paulo909192ORCID,Singh Navinder9,Solberg Erling J.6,Spiegel Orr93ORCID,Strand Olav6,Sundaresan Siva94,Ullmann Wiebke22ORCID,Voigt Ulrich95ORCID,Wall Jake37ORCID,Wattles David35ORCID,Wikelski Martin2084ORCID,Wilmers Christopher C.96,Wilson John W.97ORCID,Wittemyer George3798ORCID,Zięba Filip99,Zwijacz-Kozica Tomasz99,Mueller Thomas1227ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 60325 Frankfurt (Main), Germany.

2. Department of Biological Sciences, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany.

3. Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

4. SESYNC, University of Maryland, Annapolis, MD 21401, USA.

5. Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.

6. Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, P.O. Box 5685 Torgard, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway.

7. Departments of Biology and Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.

8. Hirola Conservation Programme, Garissa, Kenya.

9. Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå 90183, Sweden.

10. Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Animal Ecology and Physiology, Radboud University, 6500GL Nijmegen, Netherlands.

11. Ecology and Conservation Graduate Program, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.

12. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

13. Structure and Motion Laboratory, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London NW1 0TU, UK.

14. Wildlife Conservation Society, Mongolia Program, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.

15. Carnivore Ecology Laboratory, Forest and Wildlife Research Center, Mississippi State University, Box 9690, Mississippi State, MS, USA.

16. Animal Biology Postgraduate Program, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil.

17. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, 1990 U.S. 41 South, Marquette, MI 49855, USA.

18. Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

19. Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark.

20. Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Vogelwarte Radolfzell, D-78315 Radolfzell, Germany.

21. Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, NY 10460, USA.

22. University of Potsdam, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.

23. Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA.

24. Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, Gauteng, South Africa.

25. Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy.

26. Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

27. Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, VA, USA.

28. Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal.

29. ICAAM–Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal.

30. Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive UMR 5175, CNRS–Université de Montpellier–Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier–EPHE, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.

31. Phillip Island Nature Parks, Victoria, Australia.

32. School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.

33. Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

34. Department of Biology, Fiji National University, P.O. Box 5529, Natabua, Lautoka, Fiji Islands.

35. U.S. Geological Survey, Massachusetts Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.

36. U.S. Geological Survey, Pennsylvania Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

37. Save the Elephants, P.O. Box 54667, Nairobi 00200, Kenya.

38. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.

39. Giraffe Conservation Foundation, P.O. Box 86099, Eros, Namibia.

40. German Primate Center, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Unit, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.

41. Restoration Ecology, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany.

42. Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545, USA.

43. Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, Unit 2: Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.

44. Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.

45. Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.

46. School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.

47. Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA.

48. Bavarian Forest National Park, Department of Conservation and Research, 94481 Grafenau, Germany.

49. Chair of Wildlife Ecology and Management, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.

50. CEFS, Université de Toulouse, INRA, Castanet Tolosan, France.

51. Animal Behavior Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

52. Bionet Natuuronderzoek, 6171EL Stein, Netherlands.

53. Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, A-1160 Vienna, Austria.

54. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.

55. U.S. Geological Survey, Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.

56. North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC 27601, USA.

57. Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.

58. Department of Natural Resource Management, Karatina University, P.O. Box 1957-10101, Karatina, Kenya.

59. Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada.

60. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA.

61. Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Terrestrial Vertebrates Group, University of Valencia, E-46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.

62. Department of Anthropology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.

63. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Species Survival Commission (SSC) Tapir Specialist Group (TSG), Rua Licuala, 622, Damha 1, Campo Grande, CEP: 79046-150, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

64. IPÊ (Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas; Institute for Ecological Research), Caixa Postal 47, Nazaré Paulista, CEP: 12960-000, São Paulo, Brazil.

65. Vertebrates Zoology Research Group, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.

66. Embrapa Pantanal, Corumbá, MS 79320-900, Brazil.

67. National Research Center for Carnivores Conservation, Chico Mendes Institute for the Conservation of Biodiversity, Atibaia-SP 12952-011, Brazil.

68. Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.

69. Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.

70. Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

71. Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.

72. Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.

73. Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway.

74. Department of Mathematical Sciences and Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway.

75. Department of Ecology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil.

76. Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA.

77. Consorzio Parco Nazionale dello Stelvio, Bormio (Sondrio), Italy.

78. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Irstea, UR LESSEM, BP 76, 38402 St-Martin-d’Hères, France.

79. University of Bayreuth, BayCEER, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.

80. Nationalpark Schwarzwald, 77889 Seebach, Germany.

81. Evolution and Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.

82. Pennsylvania Game Commission, Harrisburg, PA 17110, USA.

83. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.

84. Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78467 Konstanz, Germany.

85. Directorate of Studies and Expertise (DRE), Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Montfort, 01330 Birieux, France.

86. Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, 3498838 Haifa, Israel.

87. Western Ecosystems Technology Inc., Laramie, WY 82070, USA.

88. Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.

89. Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-120 Krakow, Poland.

90. REN Biodiversity Chair, CIBIO/InBIO Associate Laboratory, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal.

91. Centre for Applied Ecology “Prof. Baeta Neves”/InBIO Associate Laboratory, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.

92. Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal.

93. Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.

94. Jackson Hole Conservation Alliance, Jackson, WY 83001, USA.

95. Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover-Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany.

96. Center for Integrated Spatial Research, Environmental Studies Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA.

97. Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa.

98. Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.

99. Tatra National Park, 34-500 Zakopane, Poland.

Abstract

Restrictions on roaming Until the past century or so, the movement of wild animals was relatively unrestricted, and their travels contributed substantially to ecological processes. As humans have increasingly altered natural habitats, natural animal movements have been restricted. Tucker et al. examined GPS locations for more than 50 species. In general, animal movements were shorter in areas with high human impact, likely owing to changed behaviors and physical limitations. Besides affecting the species themselves, such changes could have wider effects by limiting the movement of nutrients and altering ecological interactions. Science , this issue p. 466

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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