1. State Key Laboratory of Loess Science, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China.
2. Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China.
3. Interdisciplinary Research Center of Earth Science Frontier, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
4. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
5. State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
6. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK.
7. Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
8. Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
9. Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266000, China.
10. Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography/Institute for Advanced Ocean Studies, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
11. Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
12. Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
13. Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Petroleum Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
14. Xi’an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi’an 710061, China.