Rock physics of fibrous rocks akin to Roman concrete explains uplifts at Campi Flegrei Caldera

Abstract

Cementing Roman concrete to a caldera Ancient concrete would seem to have little to do with volcano geology. However, Vanorio and Kanitpanyacharoen found similarities between the caprock of the Campi Flegrei caldera near Naples, Italy, and the Roman-era concrete for which the region was known. Both materials require a similar set of chemical reactions to give it the high strength caused by microstructures of intertwining fibrous minerals. The high strength of the natural rock explains the ability of the caldera to withstand periods of high-rate uplift without eruption. The Romans living in the caldera, where the town of Pozzuoli is today, may have been trying to mimic nature to produce this iconic material. Science , this issue p. 617