The mole genome reveals regulatory rearrangements associated with adaptive intersexuality

Author:

M. Real Francisca12ORCID,Haas Stefan A.3ORCID,Franchini Paolo4ORCID,Xiong Peiwen4ORCID,Simakov Oleg5ORCID,Kuhl Heiner6ORCID,Schöpflin Robert12,Heller David3ORCID,Moeinzadeh M-Hossein3ORCID,Heinrich Verena3ORCID,Krannich Thomas3ORCID,Bressin Annkatrin3ORCID,Hartmann Michaela F.7ORCID,Wudy Stefan A.7ORCID,Dechmann Dina K. N.89ORCID,Hurtado Alicia1011ORCID,Barrionuevo Francisco J.1011ORCID,Schindler Magdalena12ORCID,Harabula Izabela1ORCID,Osterwalder Marco1213ORCID,Hiller Michael141516ORCID,Wittler Lars17,Visel Axel121819ORCID,Timmermann Bernd1,Meyer Axel4ORCID,Vingron Martin3ORCID,Jiménez Rafael1011,Mundlos Stefan1220ORCID,Lupiáñez Darío G.122021ORCID

Affiliation:

1. RG Development & Disease, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.

2. Institute for Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

3. Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.

4. Chair in Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.

5. Department of Molecular Evolution and Development, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

6. Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.

7. Steroid Research & Mass Spectrometry Unit, Laboratory for Translational Hormone Analytics in Paediatric Endocrinology, Division of Paediatric Endocrinology & Diabetology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.

8. Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.

9. Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.

10. Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.

11. Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain.

12. Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

13. Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland.

14. Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany.

15. Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany.

16. Center for Systems Biology Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.

17. Department of Developmental Genetics, Transgenic Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.

18. U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

19. School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA.

20. Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

21. Epigenetics and Sex Development Group, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.

Abstract

Intersexuality in female moles Female moles are intersexual and develop masculinizing ovotestes, a distinctive trait among mammals. Real et al. investigated the origin of this trait by sequencing the Iberian mole genome and applying comparative strategies that integrate transcriptomic, epigenetic, and chromatin interaction data. They identified mole-specific genomic rearrangements that alter the three-dimensional regulatory landscape of the androgen-converting gene CYP17A1 and the pro-testicular factor gene FGF9 , both of which show distinct expression patterns in mole gonads. The use of transgenic mice confirms the capability of these factors to increase circulating testosterone levels and to induce gonadal masculinization. This study highlights how integrative approaches can reveal the phenotypic impact of genomic variation. Science , this issue p. 208

Funder

Fundación Alfonso Martín Escudero

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Max-Planck-Gesellschaft

Helmholtz Association

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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