Phanerozoic Trends in the Global Diversity of Marine Invertebrates

Author:

Alroy John12345,Aberhan Martin12345,Bottjer David J.12345,Foote Michael12345,Fürsich Franz T.12345,Harries Peter J.12345,Hendy Austin J. W.12345,Holland Steven M.12345,Ivany Linda C.12345,Kiessling Wolfgang12345,Kosnik Matthew A.12345,Marshall Charles R.12345,McGowan Alistair J.12345,Miller Arnold I.12345,Olszewski Thomas D.12345,Patzkowsky Mark E.12345,Peters Shanan E.12345,Villier Loïc12345,Wagner Peter J.12345,Bonuso Nicole12345,Borkow Philip S.12345,Brenneis Benjamin12345,Clapham Matthew E.12345,Fall Leigh M.12345,Ferguson Chad A.12345,Hanson Victoria L.12345,Krug Andrew Z.12345,Layou Karen M.12345,Leckey Erin H.12345,Nürnberg Sabine12345,Powers Catherine M.12345,Sessa Jocelyn A.12345,Simpson Carl12345,Tomašových Adam12345,Visaggi Christy C.12345

Affiliation:

1. National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California–Santa Barbara, 735 State Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93101, USA.

2. Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.

3. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089–0740, USA.

4. Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

5. Geozentrum Nordbayern, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen, Loewenichstrasse 28, D-91054, Germany.

Abstract

It has previously been thought that there was a steep Cretaceous and Cenozoic radiation of marine invertebrates. This pattern can be replicated with a new data set of fossil occurrences representing 3.5 million specimens, but only when older analytical protocols are used. Moreover, analyses that employ sampling standardization and more robust counting methods show a modest rise in diversity with no clear trend after the mid-Cretaceous. Globally, locally, and at both high and low latitudes, diversity was less than twice as high in the Neogene as in the mid-Paleozoic. The ratio of global to local richness has changed little, and a latitudinal diversity gradient was present in the early Paleozoic.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference37 articles.

1. J. W. Valentine, Palaeontology12, 684 (1969).

2. Phanerozoic marine diversity and the fossil record

3. A kinetic model of Phanerozoic taxonomic diversity. III. Post-Paleozoic families and mass extinctions

4. Diversification and Extinction in the History of Life

5. J. J. Sepkoski Jr., in Global Events and Event Stratigraphy, O. H. Walliser, Ed. (Springer, Berlin, 1996), pp. 35–52.

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