Genomic estimation of complex traits reveals ancient maize adaptation to temperate North America

Author:

Swarts Kelly12ORCID,Gutaker Rafal M.2ORCID,Benz Bruce3ORCID,Blake Michael4ORCID,Bukowski Robert5,Holland James6ORCID,Kruse-Peeples Melissa7ORCID,Lepak Nicholas8ORCID,Prim Lynda7ORCID,Romay M. Cinta9ORCID,Ross-Ibarra Jeffrey10,Sanchez-Gonzalez Jose de Jesus11ORCID,Schmidt Chris7ORCID,Schuenemann Verena J.1213,Krause Johannes1214,Matson R. G.4ORCID,Weigel Detlef15ORCID,Buckler Edward S.18ORCID,Burbano Hernán A.2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, 175 Biotechnology Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

2. Research Group for Ancient Genomics and Evolution, Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Spemannstr. 35, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.

3. Department of Biology, Schollmaier Science and Technology Center, Room 109, Texas Wesleyan University, Fort Worth, TX 76105, USA.

4. Department of Anthropology, University of British Columbia, 6303 Northwest Marine Drive, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.

5. Bioinformatics Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

6. U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Post Office Box 7620, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620, USA.

7. Native Seeds/SEARCH, 3584 East River Road, Tucson, AZ 85718, USA.

8. USDA-ARS, Biotechnology Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

9. Genomic Diversity Facility, 175 Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

10. Department of Plant Sciences, Center for Population Biology, and Genome Center, University of California–Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

11. Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco CP45110, Mexico.

12. Institute of Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.

13. Senckenberg Center for Human Evolution and Paleoenvironment, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.

14. Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Strasse 10, 07745 Jena, Germany.

15. Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Spemannstr. 35, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.

Abstract

Estimating temperate adaptation in ancient maize Maize as a staple food crop in temperate North America required adaptation to a shorter growing season. On its first introduction in the southwestern United States ∼4000 years ago, maize was extensively grown in the lowlands. Cultivation in the temperate uplands did not occur for another 2000 years. Swarts et al. used ancient DNA data from 1900-year-old maize cobs found in a temperate cave in the southwestern United States and mapped the ancient flowering phenotype. The ancient maize samples were marginally adapted to temperate regions as a result of selection on standing variation. Science , this issue p. 512

Funder

National Science Foundation

National Institute of Food and Agriculture

United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service

Max-Planck-Gesellschaft

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference76 articles.

1. The origin of cornbelt maize: The isozyme evidence

2. Maize introduction into Europe: the history reviewed in the light of molecular data

3. Spread of eight-rowed maize from the prehistoric Southwest;Galinat W. C.;Bot. Mus. Lealf. Harv. Univ.,1963

4. Isozyme variation in maize from the southwestern United States: Taxonomic and anthropological implications;Doebley J. F.;Maydica,1983

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