Influence of fertilizers and sowing dates on the quality of spring barley seeds in the krasnoyarsk forest-steppe

Abstract

   According to the presented results of the study, the responsiveness of varieties to the application of different doses of mineral nutrition was more significant compared to the sowing dates. Doses of fertilizers N60P30K60 and N90P30K60 increased the barley yield of varieties Takmak, Abalak, Buyan and a promising sample D-5-7022 by 1,2-1,8 t/ha, weight of 1000 grains by 2-6 g, germination - by 1-4 % as compared to the control (without fertilizers). The Buyan variety exceeded the yield of all the varieties studied by 0.2 t / ha on a fertilized background and in this group proved to be intensive (increase in yield to control - 1.8 t / ha, bi (linear regression coefficient of yield) = 1.34). The yield of the new sample D-5-7025 was 0.3-0.4 t/ha higher than the released varieties in the control without fertilizers. With fertilization the yield of Abalak, Takmak varieties leveled off to an average of 5.68 t/ha at N60P30K60 and to 5.85 t/ha at N90P30K60. They are less demanding to the conditions of cultivation and more plastic. Elements of yield structure, productive stem, ear grain content and 1000 grains weight generally influenced its increase in the second sowing term on intensive agricultural backgrounds. The size of the development of seedlings, as well as the yield was less dependent on the sowing dates, but more on the application of fertilizers. At a dose of N90P30K60 all indicators of seedling development increased by 1.2-2.5 cm compared with the control. The use of optimal sowing date (May 27) with the sum of active temperatures of 182,8о and the recommended dose of fertilizers N90P30K60 made it possible to increase the yield of barley seeds of Takmak, Abalak, Buyan and the new sample D-5-7022 on average by 20-30 %.