Coconut husk fiber as a green sorbent for micro-solid phase extraction followed by HPLC- DAD analysis of trace triazole fungicides in environmental waters, soybean milks, fruit juices and alcoholic beverages samples

Abstract

Abstract In this work, coconut husk fiber (CHF) as a green sorbent was developed for micro-solid phase extraction (µ-SPE) of trace determination of triazole fungicides from environmental water, soybean milks, fruit juices and alcoholic beverages samples followed by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector analysis (HPLC-DAD). Five triazole fungicides, including myclobutanil, triadimenol, tebuconazole, hexaconazole, and diniconazole were selected as target analytes for µ-SPE. The extraction parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were optimized using the one-parameter-at-a-time method including the amount of CHF biosorbent (100 mg), kind and concentration of surfactant (SDS, 10 mM), kind and volume of desorption solvent (methanol, 150 µL), and extraction time (10 min). The limits of detection and limits of quantification for the selected fungicides were 3.00 to 10.00 µg L− 1 and from 9.00 to 30.00 µg L− 1, respectively. The accuracy of the proposed method was evaluated by measuring the recovery of the spiked samples. The satisfying recoveries of the four water samples ranged from 67.0–105.0%. Therefore, the µ-SPE using coconut husk fiber as a biosorbent was a simple, rapid, environmentally friendly, low cost and capable approach to analyze trace triazole fungicides in environmental waters, soybean milks, fruit juices and alcoholic beverages samples.