Novel XAI techniques for explaining GA applications in job scheduling

Abstract

Abstract Many evolutionary artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have been applied to assist job scheduling in manufacturing. Among them, genetic algorithms (GAs) are one of mainstream methods. However, GA applications in this field may not be easy to understand or communicate, especially to factory workers without relevant background knowledge, preventing widespread acceptance of such applications. To address this problem, the concept of explanatory AI (XAI) has been proposed. This study first reviews existing XAI techniques for explaining GA applications in job scheduling. Based on the review results, the problems faced by existing XAI techniques are summarized. To solve these problems, this study proposes several novel XAI techniques, including decision tree-based interpretation, dynamic transformation and contribution diagrams, and improved bar charts. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, it has been applied to a case in the literature. According to the experimental results, the proposed methodology can make up for the deficiencies of existing XAI methods in processing high-dimensional data and visualizing the contribution of feasible solutions, thereby satisfying all the requirements for an effective XAI technique for explaining GA applications in job scheduling. Furthermore, the proposed methodology can be easily extended to explain other evolutionary AI applications such as ant colony optimization (ACO), particle swarm optimization (PSO), artificial bee colony (ABC) in job scheduling.