Knockout CsRBOH5.1 causes global decrease of H3K4me3 on genes during recovery after cold stress acclimation, leading to acclimation failure

Abstract

AbstractCold stress acclimation (CS-ACC) makes plant acquire CS-memory and enhances cold tolerance. However, the transcriptional mechanism during recovery after CS-ACC is rarely reported. Here, we found thatCsRBOH5.1was essential for global genes to rebuild histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) deposition during recovery after CS-ACC, and the necessity was more obvious with the extension of recovery time.CsRBOH5.1knockout completely destroyed CS transcriptional memory (CS-TM) and disrupted most of cold-responsive gene transcription during recovery after CS-ACC. We also found that deposition pattern of H3K4me3/H3K27me3 on CS-memory genes contributed to CS-TM while that on CS-induction genes (up-down and down-up regulated) went against their transcription pattern formation, showing a natural inherent property even after CS-ACC. Moreover,CsRBOH5.1knockout did not change this conservative property. In summary, we for the first time in plants found thatCsRBOH5.1, a non-typical-histone methylation regulatory gene, regulated global genes’ H3K4me3 during recovery after CS-ACC.