Sequencing and analysis of complete plastid genomes of diploid wheats Tritcum sinskajae and Triticum monococcum k-20970

Abstract

Abstract Diploid wheat with genome A Triticum sinskajae A. Filat. et Kurk. was discovered in the early 70s. last century during the reproduction of samples of Triticum monococcum L. line k-20970. Despite the fact that T. sinskajae was initially proposed to be identified as a separate wheat species, in further studies it was considered as a spontaneous mutant of T. monococcum. A number of studies have shown that T. sinskajae is genetically different from different T. monococcum lineages, but how different it is from the T. monococcum k-20970 lineage remained unknown. Based on this, the purpose of this study was to sequence and compare the chloroplast genomes of T. sinskajae and T. monococcum line k-20970, as well as to clarify the phylogenetic relationships between diploid wheats based on the results of analysis of the nucleotide sequences of their chloroplast genomes. During this study, we were the first to sequence and annotate the complete chloroplast genomes of T. sinskajae k-48993 (Dagestan), T. monococcum k-20970 (Turkey), T. boeoticum k-58674 (Armenia) on a Genolab M sequencer (GeneMind, China). For comparative analysis, chloroplast genome sequences of T. monococcum subsp. monococcum (LC005977.1) and T. urartu (KJ614411.1) were taken from GenBank. According to the results of the analysis, it turned out that T. sinskajae (k-48993) and T. monococcum k-20970, although they were closer to each other, differed in 10 changes in the chloroplast genome, including 3 substitutions, 1 transversion, 1 deletion, 4 insertions and 4bp inversion of AGAA with TTCT in the rbcL-psal intergenic region. The identified differences in the chloroplast genomes of T. sinskajae (k-48993) and T. monococcum (k-20970) allow us to conclude that they are two very close, but still different species of diploid wheat. A comparison of the chloroplast genomes of diploid wheats showed a common origin of the plasmons of three closely related einkorns - T. sinskajae, T. monococcum and T. boeoticum, while T. urartu is located a little further from them.