Experimental Evaluation of Alternative Water Softening Methods

Abstract

Abstract Water hardness and deposition of incrustation is a problem in households and industry. In this regard, several technologies have been developed with purpose of water softening and preventing deposition of incrustation. The ion exchange method is the most commonly used method and is considered a conventional method. However, due to the shortcomings of this method, other methods have predispositions for greater and wider application. A promising alternative approach to water softening is application of sorbents such as synthetic zeolites and biosorbents such as moss Leucobryum glaucum for the purpose of removing water hardness and application of electrochemical methods. In this study, three alternative methods were tested: water softening method with application of biosorbent, electrochemical scale removal method and water softening method with application of natural and artificial adsorbent, and a comparison was made with the conventional method and previously condusted studies on alternative water softening methods.