Agaricus Subrufescens Ameliorates Ovarian Dysfunction and Regulates Altered Biochemical Parameters in Rats with Letrozole Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Abstract

Abstract Objective To examine the impact of an ethonolic extract of Agaricus subrufescens on rat models of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) produced by letrozole.Methods Thirty female Wistar rats were split into five six-rat groups. Negative controls received 1 mL of 0.5% carboxy methylcellulose (CMC). Other groups received letrozole (1 mg/kg) for 21 days to induce PCOS. Positive control animals were slaughtered on day 22. The test and standard groups received treatment from the 22nd to the 36th day. The test group received Agaricus subrufescens ethanoic extract (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, p.o.) and the standard group clomiphene citrate (1 mg/kg). Estimated blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and hormonal changes like increased testosterone, oestrogen, and decreased progesterone with menstrual irregularity confirmed by vaginal smears and histopathological ovary changes in polycystic ovarian disease control.Results Agaricus subrufescens reduced blood glucose, testosterone, anovulation, and menstrual irregularity. All therapies markedly corrected SGOT and SGPT levels. Letrozole-induced PCOS rats had elevated urea and creatinine. This study suggests that Agaricus subrufescens therapy protects renal function by lowering serum urea and creatinine. In letrozole-induced PCOS rats, suppressing hepatic synthesis, increasing ovarian follicle immaturity, and boosting androgen discharges increase liver and ovary weight. Endocrine organ weight decreased in all treatment groups. PCOS control histopathology indicated more cysts and theca lutein cells. PCOS control rats had more cysts than treatment groups.Conclusion Oral letrozole produced polycystic ovarian disease in this research. It showed elevated blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and hormonal changes like increased testosterone and oestrogen and decreased progesterone with menstrual irregularity confirmed by vaginal smears and histopathological changes in the ovary of polycystic ovarian disease control. Blood glucose, total cholesterol, and testosterone levels dropped in Agaricus subrufescens treatment groups.