Enhancing Post harvest Longevity of Tomatoes through Synergistic interaction of nano-Clay and TiO 2 in an active packaging film: Mechanical, permeability and photocatalytic properties

Abstract

Abstract Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), a valuable economic crop worldwide, often goes to waste due to improper packaging and handling. This study explores the potential of clay and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in the development of active packaging films for maintaining the quality of tomato fruits over a 42-day period at 4°C. Nanocomposite films were created by incorporating 3% clay (Closite 20A) and 3% TiO2 nanoparticles into low-density polyethylene (LDPE).Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the degree of dispersion and exfoliation of the nanoparticles. The mechanical properties of these films demonstrated significant improvements in Young's modulus and tensile strength. The addition of clay nanoparticles led to reduced permeability of CO2, O2, and water vapor. Ethylene production was reduced in fruits packed with nanocomposite films compared to those packaged in LDPE. The combination of clay and TiO2 nanoparticles effectively reduced weight loss, maintained pH, titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), and firmness. Additionally, it enhanced membrane stability, reduced membrane lipid peroxidation, and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in fruits. Overall, this study highlights the benefits of using clay and TiO2 in active packaging to preserve tomato quality and extend postharvest storage life.