Experimental Investigation On Hydrate Dissociation in Near-Wellbore Region Caused By Invasion of Drilling Fluid: Ultrasonic Measurement and Analysis

Abstract

Abstract As we all know, development and utilization of clean energy is the only way for society to achieve sustainable development. Although natural gas hydrates is a new type of clean energy, uncontrollable hydrate dissociation and accompanying methane leakage in drilling operation threaten drilling safety and marine environment. However, dissociation range of natural gas hydrates around wellbore can't be reasonably and clearly determined in previous investigations, which may lead to the inaccurate estimation of borehole collapse and methane leakage. Then, the marine environment will be greatly damaged or affected. The purpose of the present work is to experimentally explore the dissociation characteristics of natural gas hydrates around wellbore in drilling operation, and analyze the influence law and mechanism of various factors on hydrate dissociation. It is expected to provide reference for exploring effective engineering measures to avoid the uncontrolled hydrate dissociation, borehole collapse and accompanying methane leakage. The experimental results demonstrate that acoustic velocity of hydrate-bearing sediment can be accurately expressed as quadratic polynomial of hydrate saturation, which is the theoretical basis for determination of hydrate saturation in subsequent experiments. Owing to the fact that hydrate dissociation is an endothermic reaction, hydrate dissociation gradually slows down in experiment. Throughout the experiment, the maximum dissociation rate at the beginning of the experiment is 8.69 times that at the end of the experiment. In addition, sensitivity analysis found that the increase of stabilizer concentration in drilling fluid can inhibit hydrate dissociation more than the increase in hydrate saturation. Hydrate dissociation was completely inhibited when the concentration of soybean lecithin exceeds 0.60wt%, but hydrate dissociation definitely occurs in the near-wellbore region no matter what hydrate saturation is. In this way, based on the requirements of drilling safety and environment protection, hydrate dissociation and accompanying methane leakage can be controlled by designing and adjusting the stabilizer concentration in drilling fluid.