Person-Environment Fit and Organizational Performance: Polynomial Regression and Response Surface Analysis

Abstract

Abstract In the past, the linear effect of person–environment fit on the organizational process and results covers up its complex relationship. Behavioral Reciprocal Determinism Theory holds that the reasons for the changes of individual attitudes and behaviors cannot be simply attributed to individual or environmental factors, but rather to the effect of their interaction. Based on matching theory, the cross-time point method is used to collect data, and 274 valid questionnaires are obtained. The effects of person–environment fit on work satisfaction and organizational performance are analyzed by polynomial regression and response surface analysis. Bootstrapping is applied to confirm the mediating roles of work satisfaction in the above relationship. The results show that (1) Needs-Supplies (NS) fit and Demands-abilities (DA) fit and work satisfaction have an inverted U-shaped curve relationship; (2) work satisfaction has U-shaped curve relationships with task, relationship, and innovation performances; and (3) work satisfaction mediates the influence of person-environment fit and organizational performance. These findings contribute to person–environment fit research and to human resource management practices.