Control temperature fluctuations in two-phase CuO-water nanofluid by transfiguration of the enclosures

Abstract

The innovation of this paper is to simulate two-phase nanofluid natural convection inside the transformable enclosure to control the heat transfer rate under different heat flux. Heat transfer of a two-phase CuO-water nanofluid in an enclosure under different heat flux has many industrial applications including energy storage systems, thermal control of electronic devices and cooling of radio-active waste containers. The Lattice Boltzmann method based on the D2Q9 method has been utilized for modeling velocity and temperature fields. Stream-lines, isotherms and nanoparticle volume fraction, have been investigated for control the heat transfer rate for several cases. The purpose of this feasibility study is to achieve uniform temperature profiles and Tmax < 50?C under different heat flux. Natural convection heat transfer in the rectangular and parallelogram enclosures with positive and negative angular adiabatic walls were simulated. The average wall temperature under heat flux boundary condition has been studied to predict optimal levels of effective factors to control the maximum wall temperature. The results illustrated parallelogram enclosures with positive angle of Case 1 and Cases 3 and 4 with rectangular enclosures were best cases for considering physical conditions. Average of temperature for these cases were 37.9, 29.7, and 38.2?C, respectively.