Affiliation:
1. School of Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics, Belgrade
Abstract
Introduction. The effects of orthodontic treatment are considered to be
successful if the facial harmony is achieved, while the structures of soft
tissue profile are in harmony with skeletal structures of neurocranium and
viscerocranium. In patients with skeletal distal bite caused by mandibular
retrognathism, facial esthetics is disturbed often, in terms of pronounced
convexity of the profile and change in the position and relationship of the
lips. Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of soft
tissue profile changes in patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion
treated with three different orthodontic appliances: Fr?nkel functional
regulator type I (FR-I), Balters? Bionator type I and Hotz appliance.
Methods. The study included 60 patients diagnosed with skeletal Class II
malocclusion caused by mandibular retrognathism, in the period of early
mixed dentition. Each subgroup of 20 patients was treated with a variety of
orthodontic appliances. On the lateral cephalogram, before and after
treatment, the following parameters were analyzed: T angle, H angle, the
height of the upper lip, the position of the upper and lower lip in relation
to the esthetic line. Within the statistical analysis the mean, maximum,
minimum, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, two-factor analysis
of variance with repeated measures and the factor analysis of variance were
calculated using ANOVA, Bonferroni test and Student?s t-test. Results. A
significant decrease of angles T and H was noticed in the application of
FR-I, from 21.60? to 17.15?, and from 16.45? to 13.40? (p<0.001). FR-I
decreased the height of the upper lip from 26.15 mm to 25.85 mm, while Hotz
appliance and Balters? Bionator type I increased the height of the upper
lip, thereby deteriorating esthetics of the patient. Conclusion. All used
orthodontic appliances lead to changes in soft tissue profile in terms of
improving facial esthetics, with the most distinctive changes in the
application of Fr?nkel?s functional regulator type I, which is the most
successful appliance for achieving the overall facial harmony of the
patient.
Publisher
National Library of Serbia
Cited by
5 articles.
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