Soft tissue evaluation of functional therapy in growing patients with Class II malocclusion: a long-term study

Abstract

Summary Objective The objective of this study was to analyse the soft tissue changes produced by the functional treatment of mandibular advancement in growing Class II patients. Materials The treated group consisted of 25 Caucasian patients (12 females and 13 males) with dento-skeletal Class II malocclusion treated with functional therapy (Activator). All patients were evaluated before treatment (T1; mean age, 9.9 years), at the end of functional treatment phase (T2; mean age, 11.9 years), and at a post-pubertal follow-up observation (T3; mean age, 18.5 years). The treated group was compared with a matched control group of 25 untreated subjects (13 females, 12 males) with untreated Class II division 1 malocclusion. Statistical comparisons between the two groups were performed with independent samples t-tests (P < 0.05). Results Significant improvements were found during the long-term interval for mandibular sulcus (9.9°) and the profile facial angle (9.8°) in the treated group. No significant effects were found in terms of lower face percentage between the two groups. Conclusion Removable functional appliances induced positive effects on the soft tissue profile in Class II growing subjects with good stability in the long-term.