Анализ распространения фасциолеза крупного рогатого скота в Тюменской области

Abstract

<p>Fasciolosis of cattle leads to significant economic losses in agriculture. This paper reports results of studying of the prevalence of cattle fascioliasis on the Tyumen region depending on natural subzones and climatic conditions in the period from 2004 to 2014. The influence of such parameters as the hydrothermal coefficient, the sum of precipitation and average temperatures during the years of the study (for May, June, July) are analyzed. Coprological studies (n 7838) were conducted by the methods of sequential washing and ether-acetic sedimentation to determine the prevalence of fasciolae in cattle. During the study period, the fascioliasis prevalence decreased from 15.97% in 2004 to 2.19% in 2014. The prevalence rate (PR) was 4.76 ± 1.42% in the forest-steppe subarea, 4.89 ± 2.04% in the northern forest-steppe, and 5.63 ± 3.0% in small-leaved aspen-birch forests. Increasing of the prevalence of the cattle fascioliasis was registered along the south-north gradient, from the subzone of the southern forest-steppe (PR 10.14%) to small-leaved aspen-birch forests (PR 22.22%) only in 2004. Decreasing of the prevalence of the cattle fascioliasis from 2004 to 2014 is associated with the dehelminthization of animals. From 2004 to 2010, the correlation coefficient between the fascioliasis prevalence in cattle and the hydrothermal coefficient, the sum of precipitation and average monthly temperatures was 0.49 (P = 0.91), 0.10 (P = 0.83), 0.76 (P = 0.05), respectively. The received data show the expressed positive connection of the fascioliasis prevalence and the sum of average temperatures for the period of 2004-2010. An analysis of the impact of climatic conditions on the fascioliasis prevalence in cattle should be considered considering the type and direction of antiparasitic measures in the farms.</p>