1. Medvedev provided no details, but he was probably referring to Russia's Sineva and Bulava SLBMs, remaining Topol-M ICBMs, and new RS-24 ICBMs; the submarines probably include the first Borey-class SSBN, a refitted Delta IV SSBN, and a new attack submarine. Dmitry Medvedev, "Presidential Address to the Federation Assembly of the Russian Federation," November 12, 2009. Available online at eng.kremlin.ru/text/speeches/2009/11/12/1321_type70029type82912_222702.shtml.
2. Timofey Borisov, "Nikolay Patrushev: The Draft of the New Document, which Defines the Country's Defense Capability, Has Been Prepared," Rossiyskaya Gazeta , November 20, 2009.
3. Essential references for following Russian strategic nuclear forces include the START Memorandum of Understanding released by the U.S. and Russian governments twice a year; the Open Source Center; Pavel Podvig's website "Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces," available online at www.russianforces.org ; and the database "Russia: General Nuclear Weapons Developments," maintained by the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies, available online at http://www.nti.org/e_research/profiles/Russia/index.html .
4. Dmitry Medvedev, "Speech at Meeting of Commission for Modernization and Technological Development of Russia's Economy," Sarov, July 22, 2009.
5. "Russia to Keep SS-18 Ballistic Missiles in Service until 2019," RIA Novosti, April 10, 2009.