1. For more on the U.S. arsenal see Robert S. Norris and Hans M. Kristensen, “U.S. Nuclear Forces, 2010,” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists , May/June 2010, vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 57–71, available at http://thebulletin.metapress.com/content/067796p218428428/fulltext.pdf .
2. Occasionally, statements from Russian officials give a benchmark to help calculate the levels of the Russian arsenal, but these statements generally lack details and the dates are often ambiguous. In 1993, Viktor Mikhailov, then Russia's minister of atomic energy, declared that Russia had 45,000 warheads in its stockpile in 1986. In a statement a decade later, he said that nearly half of them had been dismantled. See “Country Dismantles Nearly Half Its Nuclear Arsenal,” Interfax, April 27, 1997 (transcribed by the Foreign Broadcast Information Service in FBIS-TAC-97-117, April 27, 1997). The U.S. Defense Department and Central Intelligence Agency have estimated that Russia dismantled slightly more than 1,000 warheads per year during the 1990s, though how firm those estimates were is not known.
3. For more on the Russian arsenal see Robert S. Norris and Hans M. Kristensen, “Russian Nuclear Forces, 2010,” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists , January/February 2010, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 74–81, available at http://thebulletin.metapress.com/content/4337066824700113/fulltext.pdf .
4. See DIA, “The Decades Ahead: 1999–2020,” July 1999, p. 38, reported in Rowan Scarborough, Rumsfeld's War (Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 2004), pp. 194–223, as cited by the Federation of American Scientists, available at http://www.fas.org/nuke/guide/israel/nuke/ .