Theoretical study on Stark effect of Rydberg atom in super low frequency electric field measurement

Author:

Song Hongtian12,Xiao Yong12,Hu Shanshan12,Xiao Dongping3ORCID,Wang BaoShuai12,Shi Zhuxin3,Zhang Huaiqing3

Affiliation:

1. CSG Electric Power Research Institute Guangdong China

2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Measurement and Advanced Metering of Power Grid Guangdong China

3. State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology School of Electrical Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China

Abstract

AbstractSuper low frequency electric field measurements are crucial in analysing electromagnetic compatibility, assessing equipment status, and other related fields. Rydberg atom‐based super low frequency electric field measurements are performed by observing the Stark shift in the spectrum of the Rydberg state. In a specific range of field strength (E < Eavoid, where Eavoid is the threshold to avoid crossing electric fields), the Rydberg atomic spectrum experiences a quadratic frequency shift in relation to the field strength, with the coefficient being determined by the atomic polarisability α. The authors establish a dynamic equation for the interaction between the external electric field and the atomic system, and present the Stark structure diagram of the Caesium Rydberg atom. The mathematical formulae for α and Eavoid in different Rydberg states are also obtained: α = A × (n*)6 + B × (n*)7 and Eavoid = C/(n*)5 + D/(n*)7, where A(B) = 2.2503 × 10−9(7.49,948 × 10−11) and C(D) = 1.68,868 × 108(2.45,991 × 109). The error of α and Eavoid compared with the experimental values does not exceed 8% and is even lower in the low Rydberg states. Accurately calculating the values of α and Eavoid is crucial in incorporating the Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect into super low frequency electric field measurements in new power systems.

Publisher

Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)

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