ENHANCED TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT EXTRACTION FROM CUCUMIS MELO L. (KULTIK) KERNEL BY DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENT (DES)

Abstract

Kernel of Cucumis melo L is a by-product produced from the water-melon production process. The phenolic compounds could be considered as a potential bioactive source for industrial applications. Therefore, the extraction of these compounds as much as possible will decrease valuable waste and could lead to produce value-added products. In the first part of this study, comparation of the effect of DESs and conventional solvent on total phenolic content (TPC) was performed. Some DESs had significantly better extraction yield than conventional solvent. Therefore, optimization of extraction conditions was performed by single factor experiment. Optimized parameters are molar ratio, type of HBA (hydrogen bond acceptor), addition of water content, extraction time and extraction temperature. From the results obtained, all these parameters were found to have an impact on TPC extraction yield. Also, it is noteworthy that the extraction yield using some selected parameters was on decrease after a certain extent. The best extraction parameter for Cucumis melo L. was found to be choline chloride as HBA, 1:4 molar ratio, %30 water addition, 500 extraction temperature and 30 min extraction time. This result confirms that kernel of Cucumis melo L. is a valuable ingredient due to its bioactive content, DESs could be a good alternative to conventional solvents and the industrial applications of DESs could be possible.