Screening of Anti-Alzheimer’s Activity against Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia in Mice Model

Abstract

Chronic scopolamine administration resulted in significant histological alterations in the cerebral cortex, including neuronal loss. Scopolamine treatment has been employed to test efficacy of prospective new Alzheimer's disease treatment medicines in both healthy human subjects and laboratory animals of dementia. The main purpose of this research was to develop evidence-based medicine and achieve antioxidant and good neuroprotective activity of the fruit pulp of Hylocereus undatus, to assess the side effects and adverse drug reaction of the selected drug. To carry out biochemical estimations, the mice were sacrificed on the 21st day of the drug treatment. Brains were dissected carefully and kept in an ice-cold buffer; brains were subjected to homogenization with 10% NaCl in distilled water. All values were calculated as mean ± SEM (where, n=6). ****p≤0.0001, *p≤0.05, ***p≤0.001 as compared to scopolamine treated disease group (Group II) [Group III (Standard), Group IV (EEHU 200mg/kg), Group V (EEHU 400mg.kg) were compared with Group II (Disease control)]. ####p≤0.0001 as compared to the vehicle-treated group (Group I) [Group II (Disease control) was compared with Group I (Control)]. In this study, it was investigated that the animals (mice) showed an increase in levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione, and malondialdehyde (MDA) with a decrease in levels of acetyl choline. Hence, through this study, it was found that results of Hylocereus undatus fruit pulp possess significant anti-Alzheimer’s activity comparable to that of the standard drugs due to the presence of chemical constituents like tannins and phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids