Interaction of SQSTM1 with the motor protein dynein: SQSTM1 is required for normal dynein function and trafficking

Abstract

The dynein motor protein complex is required for retrograde transport of vesicular cargo and for transport of aggregated proteins along microtubules for processing and degradation at perinuclear aggresomes. Disruption of this process leads to dysfunctional endosome accumulation and increased protein aggregation in the cell cytoplasm, both pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the exact mechanism of dynein functionality in these pathways is still being elucidated. Here, we show that the scaffolding protein SQSTM1 directly interacts with dynein through a previously unidentified dynein binding site. This interaction is independent of HDAC6, a known interacting protein of both SQSTM1 and dynein. However, knock-down of HDAC6 increases SQSTM1 interaction with dynein indicating a possible competitive interaction. Using different dynein cargoes we show SQSTM1 is required for proper dynein motility and trafficking along microtubules. Based on our results, we propose a new model of competitive interaction between SQSTM1 and HDAC6 with dynein. In this model, SQSTM1 would not only affect polyubiquitinated protein aggregate and endosomal association with dynein, but would also be required for normal dynein function.