Affiliation:
1. Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts,Amherst, MA 01003, USA
2. Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1112 Blindern,Oslo 0317, Norway
Abstract
A-kinase anchoring protein AKAP95 is implicated in somatic mitotic chromosome condensation by recruiting the condensin complex. Here, we report a differential regulation of condensation of maternal and paternal chromosomes mediated by AKAP95 in mitotic mouse zygotes. AKAP95 is synthesized upon oocyte activation, targeted to the female pronucleus and specifically associates with maternal chromosomes at mitosis. AKAP95 mRNA is highly restricted to the vicinity of the meiotic spindle in metaphase II oocytes. In vivo displacement of endogenous AKAP95 in female pronuclei by microinjection of competitor peptides and rescue experiments show that AKPA95 is required for recruitment of the mCAP-D2 condensin subunit to, and condensation of, maternal chromosomes. In contrast, AKAP95 is dispensable for mCAP-D2 recruitment to,and condensation of, paternal chromosomes. Our results indicate that at first embryonic mitosis, paternal chromosomes target condensins and condense independently of AKAP95, whereas maternal chromosomes require AKAP95 for condensin recruitment and condensation. We propose a concept whereby condensation of chromosomes in gametes, zygotes and somatic cells involves related but distinct mechanisms.
Publisher
The Company of Biologists
Reference43 articles.
1. Adenot, P., Mercier, Y., Reinsch, S. and Thompson, E. M.(1997). Differential H4 acetylation of paternal and maternal chromatin precedes DNA replication and differential transcriptional activity in pronuclei of 1-cell mouse embryos. Development124, 4615-4625.
2. Akhmedov, A. T., Frei, C., Tsai-Pflugfelder, M., Kemper, B.,Gasser, S. M. and Jessberger, R. (1998). Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein C-terminal domains bind preferentially to DNA with secondary structure. J. Biol. Chem.273, 24088-24094.
3. Alarcon, V. B. and Elinson, R. P. (2001). RNA anchoring in the vegetal cortex of the Xenopus oocyte. J. Cell Sci.114, 1731-1741.
4. Aoki, F., Worrad, D. M. and Schultz, R. M.(1997). Regulation of transcriptional activity during the first and second cell cycles in the preimplantation mouse embryo. Dev. Biol.181, 296-307.
5. Bashirullah, A., Cooperstock, R. L. and Lipshitz, H. D.(1998). RNA localization in development. Annu. Rev. Biochem.67, 335-394.
Cited by
18 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献，注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献，订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献