Optimizing Middle Managers' Performance During Crises

Abstract

The chapter presents the results of a qualitative study using Glaser and Strauss' grounded theory design. The problem identifies the need for suitable leadership styles for application during crises in schools for unlocking high performance. Therefore, the study evaluated the viability of the transformational and transactional leadership styles as tools used by middle managers for leading during crises in schools. A sample consisting of five middle managers were used from primary and secondary schools in Jamaica, the United States of America, the United Kingdom, and the Bahamas. Subsequently, the data collection process utilized primary research using semi-structured interviews. The results of the study highlighted significant evidence that high performance in schools during crises may be dependent on adaptability, promoting collaboration, and intentional accountability regimes. A limitation of the study also exposed the absence of a model for transmission of the leadership styles by middle managers in schools, and a need for future research.