Factors Affecting Learner Collaboration in 3D Virtual Worlds

Abstract

This chapter explores factors affecting learner collaboration by observing the performance of eight English as a foreign language (EFL) learners collaborating on tasks in a 3D virtual world (3D VW) over a period of six weeks. Students used an audio channel to interact with their peers and a text-based channel to make notes on a collaboration board. Their performance was recorded using Camtasia Relay, a screen-capture software, and then transcribed. Data analysis revealed that students' collaboration skills improved over time. The factors that facilitated collaboration included (1) learners and instructors' familiarity with 3D VWs, (2) learners' familiarity with the format of the learning activity, (3) learners' experience with the spontaneous use of the second language (L2), and (4) instructors' use of pedagogical techniques that facilitated collaboration. These results suggest that for students to benefit from collaborative learning, both learners and instructors need to be prepared for this type of instruction.