Affiliation:
1. VNU University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a dangerous, long-term disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels caused by the body's inability to produce any or enough insulin or to efficiently utilise the insulin it does create. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is caused by an autoimmune process characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Therefore, the body generates extremely little or no insulin. Meanwhile, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is associated with insulin insensitivity, is the most prevalent type of diabetes, accounting for more than 90% of all diabetes globally. Many previous investigations have suggested that various plants and their metabolites such as quercetin, rutin, kaempferol, luteolin, ellargic acid, etc. possess an adjuvant and therapeutic effect in diabetes. In this chapter, the authors would like to briefly introduce the medicinal plants and phytochemicals which can be potentially used and further researched to become treatment for diabetes as well as their therapeutic targets and mechanism of action.