Affiliation:
1. University of Idaho, USA
2. Desert Research Center, Egypt
Abstract
Rainfed agriculture in arid regions is hazardous due to water scarcity caused by low rainfall and uneven distribution throughout the season. Egypt was chosen as the study's focus point since it is at the center of the problem of water scarcity and the country is highly vulnerable to climate change-related impacts such as drought and extreme flooding. Egypt's rainfed agriculture is primarily located in the country's northwestern coast. In this area, human populations and land use are entirely dependent on rainfall and various means of water harvesting. The simplest and cheapest ways of rainwater harvesting are “in-situ” systems, which can be used in a variety of farming systems, including those in arid regions. This chapter introduces innovative in-situ rainwater harvesting engineering technologies (developed ridge-furrow and reservoir tillage systems) that are designed to increase precipitation use efficiency and rehabilitate land degradation in the northwestern coastal zone of Egypt.
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