Affiliation:
1. Vellore Institute of Technology, India
2. SASTRA University (Deemed), India
3. Vardhaman College of Engineering, India
Abstract
This chapter explores the complex issues that contemporary agriculture and natural ecosystems face when it comes to plant health. It starts by going over the several biotic variables that endanger plant productivity and vigor, like pests, invasive species, and diseases. The dynamic aspect of these threats is emphasized, which is made worse by climate change and global trade, which promote the spread and evolution of dangerous species. The chapter also looks at abiotic stresses, such as pollution, soil deterioration, and drought, emphasizing how these factors interact to reduce plant resilience. Sustainable agriculture methods and integrated pest management (IPM) techniques are highlighted as essential solutions to these problems. The chapter also emphasizes the value of sophisticated biotechnology instruments, early detection methods, and the protection of plant health through legislation and education.