Who Contributes to the Sunk Costs of Motor Vehicle Carbon Emissions and Human Capital?

Abstract

Most carbon emission reduction studies in transportation focus on the natural use of motor vehicles. However, little attention has been paid to fatal driving violations that lead to the sunk costs of human resources investment and motor vehicle carbon emissions in the manufacturing process of motor vehicles. This article aimed to determine if a driver would be seriously harmful to human capital investment and carbon emissions reduction. 1893 drivers in China were formally surveyed by questionnaire to find out the statistical characteristics. Results indicated that different drivers show significant differences in different driving violations dimensions. Specific drivers showing horrible driving violation (HDV) and dangerous driving violation (DDV) mainly endanger personal security and environmental damage. The identification of the focused drivers would contribute to formulate more refined management policies in carbon emission reduction, improve natural resource utilization, raise human capital benefit, and promote social sustainable development.