Historical Survey

Abstract

Chapter 2 overviews the historical development and past research into temporary structures from 1970 up to 2016 and describe the various problems that have occurred necessitating changes to traditional design and construction techniques. The survey covers tubular, proprietary and modular scaffolds, bridge falsework as well as bridge construction equipment. Particular areas emphasised are the changes introduced by the use of advanced structural analysis techniques and the need for changes in procedures following the analyses of collapses of temporary structures. An overview of various solutions is presented, including the use of different materials (steel, aluminium, timber and bamboo). The chapter shows that same analysis procedures are used for these different materials. The chapter then overviews the actions acting on temporary structures such as permanent loads and variable construction loads and finishes with an introduction to failures of falsework and scaffolding structures.