Congenital Cytomegalovirus and Deafness

Author:

Schildroth Arthur N.1

Affiliation:

1. Center for Assessment and Demographic Studies, Gallaudet University, 800 Florida Avenue, NE, Washington, DC 20002

Abstract

Although the incidence of medical and neurological problems resulting from congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is relatively low, the widespread and indiscriminate nature of this infection and the severity of these conditions when they do occur are such that it warrants the close attention of medical specialists, audiologists, and educators. The identification of congenital CMV is especially difficult because of its largely nonsymptomatic character, and because conditions associated with it, including hearing impairment, can be either progressive in nature or occur only later in life. Data reviewed in this study resemble those reported for children with impaired hearing from the 1964–65 maternal rubella epidemic: hearing loss in the severe to profound range, often accompanied by serious additional disabilities, especially mental retardation and cerebral palsy. Depressed achievement test results of children with CMV-induced hearing loss are further indications of the serious nature of this disease. The presence of any symptoms of CMV infection in infants or of risk factors associated with it—e.g., purplish skin rash, severe asphyxia, jaundice, low birth weight, swollen lymph glands, and other mononucleosis-like symptoms—signals the need for immediate testing, including audiological evaluation, and, if results are positive, the initiation of early medical and educational intervention.

Publisher

American Speech Language Hearing Association

Subject

Speech and Hearing

Reference57 articles.

1. Cytomegalovirus transmission among children in day care, their mothers and caretakers;Adler S.;Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal,1988

2. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection;Bale J. F.;American Journal of Diseases of Children,1986

3. Epidemiologic and legal considerations in the exclusion of children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, cytomegalovirus or herpes simplex virus infection from group care;Blackman J. A.;Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal,1987

4. Risk of cytomegalovirus infection among educators and health care personnel serving disabled children;Blackman J. A.;Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal,1987

5. The status of state-wide policies for neonatal hearing screening;Blake P. E.;Journal of the American Academy of Audiology,1990

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