Characteristics of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Patients With COVID-19 and Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Zavidovići, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Abstract

Human coronaviruses are agent which cause respiratory illnesses and have been described to be continously emerging. Seroprevalence of IgM/IgG antibodies was determined by lateral flow immunoassay. Study were include data on participants experience of COVID-19 symptoms during the pandemic (including symptoms and health status). Among 443 serum samples for detection seroprevalence, 186 (42.0%) were seropositive on specific antibodies (IgM/IgG) or participants who had COVID-19 with or without symptoms. Of the seropositive the age group 25-50 years old had the highest percentage (32.8%) followed by 51-64 years (30.6%). Ninety seropositive patients (out of 186; 48.4%) were detected with the specific symptoms. The most frequently symptoms were fever (n=54, out of 90; 60.0%), muscle pain (46.7%), dry cough and loss of smell (36.7%) and others. More than one symptoms were detected in 59 cases (65.6%). The most common comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (n=12, out of 186; 6.5%), than hypertension (nine; 4.8%) and heart diseases (seven; 3.8%). More than half of seropositive were asymptomatic (n=96, out of 186; 51.6%). Note: In period March 2020 - June 2021, among 3323 samples, 804 (24.2%) were positive on SARS-CoV-19 with RT-PCR. The results showed that 394 (out of 804; 49.0%) positive samples were collected from female and 410 (51.0%) from male. The most prevalent of SARS-CoV-19 viruses were detected in > 65 years old (n=267, out of 804; 33.2%). Further research on the contribution of symptomatic or asymptomatic individuals to the community spread of COVID-19 is essential for effective control of the pandemic spread of SARS-CoV-2.