1. Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
2. Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
3. Laboratório de Pneumologia LIM-09, Disciplina de Pneumologia, Heart Institute (Incor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
4. Keenan Centre for Biomedical Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada