1. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
3. Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, and
4. Palliative and Advanced Illness Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, and
5. Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
6. Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
7. Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
8. Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
9. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; and
10. Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah