1. Palliative and Advanced Illness Research Center;
2. Department of Medicine;
3. Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics;
4. Department of Internal Medicine, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina
5. Palliative and Advanced Illness Research Center Clinical Trials Methods and Outcomes Lab;
6. Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics; and
7. Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and