Features of the course of acute pancreatitis in patients with obesity

Abstract

Abstract The purpose of the study is to investigate the course of acute pancreatitis in obese patients, the development of local and systemic complications and mortality rates. Materials and methods We have taken and analyzed 482 histories of acute pancreatitis, who has been treatmented at Kyiv Regional Clinical Hospital from January 1, 2011 to February 2, 2019. The data were statistically processed in the Exel 2010 program using a descriptive method using relative , absolute numbers, mean square deviations and their errors. A correlation relationship between variables was studied using the Pearson criterion (R2). Testing the significance of the difference between the two independent groups was carried out with the help of the t-criterion of the Student. Results In our study we had 482 patients, 260 patients (54%) had obesity (the study group), for comparison, a control group of patients with normal body weight was chosen, the total number of which was 222 (46%) patients. Obesity patients had a higher average age (55.4 ± 9.4 years, p = 0.01), also they had statistically greater percentage of severe cases of acute pancreatitis (85 (32.7%) vs 16 (7.2%); p = 0.01 *). We note the increase in the percentage of the course of severe pancreatitis in patients with weight gain from 10.20% to 53.93% (p = 0.03) *. Obesity patients had the longer bed-days in the hospital than in patients with normal body weight. In addition, they observed an increase of twice the bed in the reanimation and intensive care unit (5.8 ± 0.8 vs 2.7 ± 0.5 days, p = 0.01 *). When investigating the mortality rate, it should be noted that the main cause of death was the progression of organ failure of 30 (6.3%), pulmonary embolism (TB) - 15 (3.1%) and DIC 18 (3.7%) . Conclusions. The presence of obesity in patients involves a high risk of severe acute pancreatitis, this risk increases with an increase in the body mass index. In addition, in obese patients we have a higher bed-day in-patient and in-patient-care settings, which increases the total cost of treatment and requires a cost-effective algorithm in the future. A high mortality rate in obese patients requires improved treatment algorithm. Key words: acute pancreatitis, obesity.