Genetic resistance of oat of West Siberian breeding to contrasting weather conditions and mineral nutrition level

Abstract

Abstract The publication presents the results of the study of three modern common oat varieties of West Siberian breeding for response to different levels of agricultural background in contrasting moistening weather conditions. The research was carried out in the northern forest-steppe of the Trans-Urals. The soil is leached thin chernozem, medium-humus, heavy-loamy. The following varieties were studied: Talisman, Otrada, and Foma. By applying fertilizers in the experiment, the following agricultural backgrounds were created: control, without fertilizers; medium N60P20 kg/ha of active substance; increased - N90P40; high - N150P6o; very high – N200P80 kg/ha. It was found that the Otrada and Foma varieties have a higher resistance to acute arid conditions compared to the Talisman variety. In a year favorable for moisture due to mineral fertilizers, the maximum yield was obtained for: Talisman – 5.62; Otrada – 6.16 and Foma - 5.78 t/ha of grain. In acutely arid conditions, the Talisman reacted more negatively, the yield of which was equal to 2.30 t/ha. In other varieties, the yield reached 3.11 and 3.36 t/ha, respectively. During the research, it was found that the Otrada and Foma varieties belong to the group of high-intensity varieties recommended for Western Siberia. Biochemical analysis of grain and calculation of influence strength indicator showed that the protein content under the action of fertilizers increases from 6.1-7.0 to 8.4-118%, the Talisman variety had minimal response to fertilizers, where the protein content reached 10.6% only in a dry, hot year. It was revealed that the fat content in oat grain depends only on the variety – the influence strength indicator is 88.9%. The starch content is determined by the weather conditions of the year (36.1%), but varietal features are distinguished.