Vitamin value assessment of fruits and berries in the Central Black Earth Region (CBER) by the level of biologically active substances in the wild analogues

Abstract

Abstract The fruits of all wild plants were gathered in Tambov, Lipetsk and Voronezh regions. The following research methods were used: thermogravimetric, titrimetric, photometric. Fruit weight of cultivars is 2.8 (the cherry) – 54.2 (the strawberry) times bigger than the fetal weight of wild related species. The rowan, the apple, the pear, the plum, the hawthorn, the current, the blackberry, the raspberry and the apricot are in the range. The selection of fruit and berries of the Central Black Earth Region provided: the reduction of organic acid by a factor of 1.8-6.9 in the fruits of the apple, the pear, the hawthorn, the briar, the cherry, the blackberry, the raspberry, the guilder rose, the apricot; the rise of ascorbic acid by a factor of 1.5-10 in the fruits of the rowan, the apple, the briar, the blackberry, the raspberry, the guilder rose, the apricot; the rise of β – carotene by a factor of 1.5-10 in the fruits of the apples, the hawthorn, the briar, the cherry, the current and the blackberry; the rise of anthocyans by the factor of 2-26.8 in the fruits of the rowan, the apple, the pear, the hawthorn, the briar, the black current, the blackberry, the guilder rose, the strawberry and the apricot; the rise of flavonols by the factor of 1.5-13.7 in the fruits of the apple, the rowan, the pear, the plum, the briar; the rise of catechins by a factor of 2.4-827 in the fruits of the apple, the rowan, the pear, the plum, the hawthorn, the briar, the current, the blackberries, the raspberry, the guilder rose, the apricot; the percentage rise of solids by a factor of 1.5 in the fruits of the cherry and the apricot; the rise of tannins and colorants by the factor of 1.5-3.2 in the fruits of the rowan, the hawthorn and the apricot; the rise of the tanninum by the factor of 3.1-3.5 in the fruits of the rowan and the hawthorn as well as increasing in the amount of carotenoids by the factor of 1.5 in the fruits of the raspberry. The rise of solids, carotinoids, tannins and colorants including tanninum content in the fruit and berries turned out to be the most complicated for research results of fruit and berry selection.