Prolamin electrophoresis method for assessing the varietal qualities of oat seeds

Abstract

Abstract The oat is one of the most widely cultivated crops in Western Siberia. One of the factors for obtaining stable grain crops is the use of high-quality seeds for sowing. To control the varietal purity and constancy of the biotypic composition of cereal varieties, the method of electrophoresis of storage proteins - prolamins is successfully used. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the prolamin electrophoresis method for laboratory varietal control of oat using the example of varieties cultivated in the Tyumen region. Eighteen varieties of oats were analyzed, which are included in the State register of selection achievements in the region from 1929 to 2019. It was found that of the 26 genotypes, only 11 were sort-specific. Seven groups of varieties with identical types of prolamin spectra were found. The number of samples with individual types of avenin spectra at different time periods was not the same. Until 1970, from 25.0 to 33.3% of genotypes were characterized by variety-specific spectra. Later, with the advent of new varieties in the region, the number of genotypes with individual types of spectra increased and reached 100.0% by 2019. This makes it possible to accurately distinguish modern varieties of oats from each other, to carry out varietal identification and assessment of varietal purity. It is necessary to have up-to-date databases of reference spectra of varieties cultivated in the region and, in the case of varieties with identical types of spectra, assess varietal affiliation and varietal purity using other marker systems.