Effect of Cultivars and Spraying Phenylalanine on Growth and Yield of Black Barley

Abstract

Abstract A field experiment was carried out during the winter agricultural season for the year 2022-2023 in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate - Department of Agricultural Research - Diwaniyah Research Station, to study the response of three cultivars of black barley “Zanbaka”, “Mosul 1” and “Black Local” and spraying the amino acid Phenylalanine at concentrations of 0 and 50 and 100 mg L-1, The combinations of treatments were distributed in a factorial experiment according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The data was collected and analyzed according to the analysis of variance table, and the means were tested according to the least significant difference test at the 0.05 probability level. The results showed that the “Zanbaka” cultivar was significantly superior in the grain content of total phenols, the effectiveness of free radical scavenging, and the total antioxidant capacity of the grain. It was significantly superior to the spraying treatment at a concentration of 100 mg L-1 in the content of total anthocyanins, total phenolics, the effectiveness of scavenging free radicals, and the total antioxidant capacity. Significantly, the interaction treatment was Zanbaka × 100 Phe. mg kg-1 for main stem height, total anthocyanins, total phenolics, oxidative activity to suppress free radicals, and total antioxidant capacity amounted to 90.79 cm, 153.15 mg kg-1, 289.77 mg kg-1, 72.44%, and 84.90 mg kg-1, respectively. While the Mosul 1×50 Phe.mg L-1 conductor interference treatment was significantly superior for leaf area, total chlorophyll, biological yield, total grain yield, and percentage of fiber were 16.29 cm2, 42.33 and 10.09 tons ha-1, 4.14 tons ha-1 and 29.53 mg kg-1, respectively.